Trends in NC Agricultural Land and NC Farms

The North Carolina Rural Center's 2025 report, "Trends in North Carolina’s Agriculture Industry," provides a comprehensive analysis of the state's agricultural landscape, highlighting significant shifts and challenges faced by the industry. (Read more at NC Rural Center)

 

North Carolina has experienced rapid population growth, adding approximately 144,000 new residents between 2022 and 2023, making it one of the fastest-growing states in the nation. This surge is not limited to urban areas; rural and suburban regions are also witnessing significant growth. Such expansion exerts pressure on agricultural lands, leading to increased competition for land use and potential loss of farmland.​

 

 

Over the past few decades, the state has seen a notable decline in the number of operating farms. In 1997, there were 59,120 farms; by 2022, this number had decreased to 42,817, marking a 27.6% reduction. Urban counties experienced the highest proportional decline at 33.1%, followed by rural counties at 29.1%, and suburban counties at 21.4%. Despite these declines, rural counties still account for approximately 70% of all farms in the state, underscoring the continued centrality of agriculture in these areas.​ (See Carolina Leader for supporting data)

 

 

The composition of farm sizes has also shifted. Mid-sized farms (50 to 999 acres) have experienced the most significant declines since 1997. Smaller farms (10 to 49.9 acres) saw minimal changes until a notable drop between 2012 and 2017. Conversely, very large farms (2,000 acres or more) have grown substantially, although they still represent a small fraction of total farms. This trend raises concerns about the potential shift from family-owned farms to larger, possibly corporate-owned operations.​

 

 

Agriculture remains a cornerstone of North Carolina's economy. The state ranks eighth nationally in the value of agricultural products sold, totaling $18.7 billion. When considering the broader economic impact, including related industries, agriculture contributes over $110 billion to the state's economy. This underscores the sector's vital role in supporting livelihoods and sustaining rural communities.​

 

 

The report emphasizes the need for strategic planning to address the challenges facing North Carolina's agriculture. Key recommendations include implementing policies to preserve farmland, supporting small and mid-sized farms, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. By addressing these areas, the state can work towards ensuring the long-term viability and resilience of its agricultural sector.​

In summary, while North Carolina's agriculture industry faces significant challenges due to population growth and changing farm dynamics, it continues to be a vital component of the state's economy and cultural heritage. Proactive measures are essential to preserve our NC legacy for future generations.​